WHATSTHATFISH
Sharks & rays

South American Freshwater Stingray

Potamotrygon motoro

Also known as: Amazonian Freshwater Stingray, Black River Stingray, Freshwater Ray, Freshwater Stingray, Laticeps Stingray, Motoro Ray, Motoro Stingray, Ocellate River Ray, Ocellate River Stingray, Orange-spot Freshwater Stingray, Peacock Ray, Peacock-eye Stingray, Spotted River Ray, Stingray

LCLeast ConcernIUCN Red List, 2025
Handle with careLook, don't touch
Adult
@fishx6 · Arizona Aquarium, United States · September 20191 / 6
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Overview

Found singly, buried in sand during the day, foraging for food at night, in freshwater rivers.
They feed nocturnally on crustaceans, aquatic insects, and small molluscs.
Disc - 50cm
Widespread South America

This is an extremely dangerous species!

Rays are bottom feeders, they settle themselves down over their prey, trapping them against the substrate with their disc, then flexing their disc flaps and manoeuvring the victims into their mouths.
Most rays live in the sea, but some can be found in estuaries, often hard to see as they can be buried in the sand, occasionally they can be seen leaping out of the water.
As a form of defence rays have electric organs while others have venomous spines.
Usually rays will swim out of harms way if approached, however they can give a nasty sting which could prove fatal.
Never swim over the top of large rays, they think you are a predator and are likely to whip their tails in defense! (as happened to Steve Irwin)

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How to identify

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Habitat & where to find it

  • Country only · 6
LIVES IN

Found singly, buried in sand during the day, foraging for food at night, in freshwater rivers.

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Adult photos 6

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Discussion

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    ALL STAGES
    FOR THE MARINE-BIOLOGY CURIOUS

    Deep dive

    Taxonomy

    1. kingdomAnimalia
    2. phylumChordata
    3. classElasmobranchii
    4. orderMyliobatiformes
    5. familyPotamotrygonidae
    6. genusPotamotrygon
    7. speciesPotamotrygon motoro (Müller & Henle, 1841)

    SourcesWoRMSFishBase

    06

    More in the family

    Myliobatiformes