Yes, you can eat them, and they are actually delicious, IMO. I just cooked up a nice fillet on the flat iron and served it with rice. They can provide a lot of yield, on the larger ones. But as the 2 inch scar on the back of one of my fingers can attest, care is needed when harvesting, because when they say the spines at the tail are as sharp as a scalpel, it's not an exaggeration. Cut through heavy leather glove and to the bone, in a heartbeat, didn't even feel it.
Yellowfin Surgeonfish
Acanthurus xanthopterus
Also known as: Curvier's Surgeonfish, Doctorfish, Lancetfish, Purple Surgeonfish, Ringtail Surgeonfish, Ring-tailed Surgeonfish, Thorntail, Thorntail Fish, Yellowfin Surgeon, Yellowmask Surgeonfish
- Curvier's Surgeonfish
- Doctorfish
- Lancetfish
- Purple Surgeonfish
- Ringtail Surgeonfish
- Ring-tailed Surgeonfish
- Thorntail
- Thorntail Fish
- Yellowfin Surgeon
- Yellowmask Surgeonfish
Showing details for the adult stage. Switch stages to see how it differs.
Overview
Found in schools, over sand slopes, of deep protected bays, lagoons, and outer reefs.
They feed on filamentous algae, detritus, pieces of fish, and hydroids. Often curious towards boats and divers.
Surgeonfish have a blade like spine in the tail that points outwards when bent, unicorns have two hook-like plates along the tail, these are used for defence and are as sharp as a surgeons scalpel, hence the name "Surgeonfish".
Some species are venomous.
How to identify
- Fins & Tail
- yellow fins
- Head & Mouth
- eye stripe
- Behaviour
- approaches diverscuriousschooling
Tap any trait to see other fish that share it.
Habitat & where to find it
Where the adult stage lives, and where its photos were taken.
- Range · Indo-Pacific, Eastern Pacific
- Exact location · 5
- Dive site · 1
- Country only · 35
Found in schools, over sand slopes, of deep protected bays, lagoons, and outer reefs.
Adult photos 41
Discussion 4
4 comments
- ben· 30 Oct 2016
Deep dive
More in the family
Surgeonfishes-Tangs-Unicornfishes (Acanthuridae)

Blue Tang
Acanthurus coeruleus

Lined Surgeonfish
Acanthurus lineatus

Ocean Surgeonfish
Acanthurus tractus

Yellowmask Surgeonfish
Acanthurus mata

Achilles Tang
Acanthurus achilles
7 photos

Bignose Unicornfish
Naso vlamingii

Black Surgeonfish
Acanthurus gahhm
5 photos

Blue Unicorn
Naso caeruleacauda
1 photo

Blue-lined Surgeonfish
Acanthurus nigroris
1 photo

Blue-lipped Bristletooth
Ctenochaetus cyanocheilus

Bluespine Unicornfish
Naso unicornis

Brown Surgeonfish
Acanthurus nigrofuscus

