Pygmy Pipe Dragon
Kyonemichthys rumengani
Also known as: Lembeh Pygmy Pipe Seadragon, Lembeh Pygmy Seadragon, Lembeh Seadragon, Pipehorse, Pygmy Pipehorse, Pygmy Seahorse, Thread Pipefish, Lembeh Sea Dragon
- Lembeh Pygmy Pipe Seadragon
- Lembeh Pygmy Seadragon
- Lembeh Seadragon
- Pipehorse
- Pygmy Pipehorse
- Pygmy Seahorse
- Thread Pipefish
- Lembeh Sea Dragon
Overview
The pygmy pipe dragon is a tiny relative of seahorses, pipefish and seadragons that looks like a wisp of algae swaying in the current.
It lives singly or in pairs on rocky and sandy reefs in shallow coastal water, clinging to overhangs, cracks, crevices, algae and whip corals, and sometimes over silty bottoms. It has been recorded in the Lembeh Strait in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, and at Kapalai in Sabah.
It pairs a face rather like a pygmy seahorse's with a long, slender body, and its colour matches whatever is around it, such as sponges, seaweeds or whip corals. Spotting one takes patience and a very sharp eye.
It grips on with a prehensile tail so the current cannot wash it away, and moves in a delicate, drifting style. Food is tiny swimming invertebrates, sucked whole into the mouth.
In pipefish as in seahorses, it is the male who gives birth. The female deposits her eggs in a pouch under his tail, where they incubate for a month.
Notes & fun facts
- DID YOU KNOWIt looks so much like a thin, wispy string that it can pass for a stray piece of algae swinging in the current.
- DID YOU KNOWUnderwater macro photographers treat finding one as a Holy Grail moment.
How to identify
Diver’s cheat sheet
- 1Where to lookSearch overhangs, cracks, algae and whip corals for what looks like a thin strand of algae anchored by one end.
Habitat & where to find it
- Range · Indo-West Pacific
- Country only · 5
Found singly or in pairs on rocky and sandy reefs in shallow coastal water, clinging to overhangs, crevices, algae and whip corals.
Adult photos 5
Discussion 1
1 comment
Deep dive
Taxonomy
- kingdomAnimalia
- phylumChordata
- classTeleostei
- orderSyngnathiformes
- familySyngnathidae
- genusKyonemichthys
- speciesKyonemichthys rumengani Gomon, 2007
Morphology
A thread-like fish only 2 to 3mm thick, with a face like a pygmy seahorse's, a slender elongated body and a prehensile tail. Colour matches its surroundings.
More in the family
Pipefishes-Seahorses (Syngnathidae)

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Benedetto's Pipefish
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Black-breasted Pipefish
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Bluestripe Pipefish
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Brown-banded Pipefish
Corythoichthys amplexus
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Denise's Pygmy Seahorse
Hippocampus denise
1 photo

Double-ended Pipefish
Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus
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Dusky Pipefish
Syngnathus floridae
1 photo